- Test assumptions as inferences
- Share all relevant information – no silos
- Focus on interest, not positions
- Be specific – use examples – don’t mince words
- Agree on what important words mean – clarity
- Explain the reasons behind one’s statements, questions, and actions
- Disagree openly with any member of the group
- Make statements, then invite questions and actions
- Jointly design ways to test disagreements and solutions
- Discuss undiscussable issues
- Keep the discussion focused
- Do not take cheap shots or otherwise distract the group
- Exchange relevant information with nongroup members
- Make decisions by consensus – strive for buy-in
- Do self-critiques (and learn from them)